Process information
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| Location | RER | ||
| Reference year | 2024 | ||
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| Use advice for data set | Scope: This environmental product declaration (EPD) covers hot-dip galvanized structural steel - sections and merchant bars that are 100% recycled from steel scrap. The Life Cycle Assessment refers to an average product and is based on data collected from 9 representative plants. The precursor products are rolled steel sections that are subsequently hot-dip galvanized. The hot rolled sections are produced by: ArcelorMittal, operating sites at Differdange/Esch-Belval (Luxembourg), Hunedoara (Romania), Olaberria/Bergara (Spain) Peiner Trger (Germany) Stahlwerk Thringen (Germany) The products are hot-dip galvanized under subcontracting agreements and by the member companies and partners of the German Association for Hot‐Dip Galvanizing (Industrieverband Feuerverzinken e.V. IVF, see https://www.feuerverzinken.com/industrie/ mitglieder-und-partner). For the selection of the hot-dip galvanizing contractors for the purpose of data collection, the plant size, galvanizing capacity and product range were taken into account. With regard to the scope of the EPD, the data thus covers a representative sample. System boundary: Type of the EPD: cradle-to-gate - with modules C1-C4 and module D were considered. Modules A1-A3 cover the production stage including the upstream burdens of purchased raw materials (structural steel sections, zinc, etc.), their transports and the manufacturing at the production sites under study. Material and energy flows for the hot-dip galvanizing are considered. Electricity consumption of the production of the steel sections is modelled via residual grid mix (production in Germany + imports - exports -certified "green" electricity). For the process of hot-dip galvanizing the German consumption grid mix is considered to account for the fact that 40-50 % is produced via green electricity. The zinc for hot-dip galvanizing is modelled via the special high grade zinc dataset from IZA (International Zinc Association), representing a conservative approach. Modules C1-C4 consider the dismantling of the considered product (C1, PhD Siebers), the transportation of the dismantled components to their final EoL destination (C2), the waste processing for reuse, recovery or recycling (C3) as well as the disposal (C4). Module D refers to the End-of-Life, including recycling and/or reuse. | ||
| Technical purpose of product or process | Hot-dip galvanized structural steels are intended for bolted, welded or otherwise connected constructions of buildings, bridges and other structures, or in composite steel and concrete structures. Examples are: • single-storey buildings (industrial and storage halls, etc.) • multi-storey buildings (offices, residential buildings, shops, car parks, high rise, etc.) • bridges (railway bridge, road bridge, pedestrian bridge, etc.) • other structures (power plants, stadiums, convention centres, airports, stations, etc.) | ||
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| General comment on data set | This EPD applies to hot-dip galvanized structural steel sections and merchant bars that are 100% recycled from scrap. It covers steel products of the grades S235 to S500. For the placing on the market of the product in the European Union/European Free Trade Association (EU/EFTA) (with the exception of Switzerland) Regulation (EU) No. 305/2011 (CPR) applies. The product needs a Declaration of Performance taking into consideration EN 10025-1:2004 Hot rolled products of structural steels – Part 1: General technical delivery conditions and the CE-marking. For the application and use the respective national provisions apply. | ||
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| Copyright | Yes | ||
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| Data set valid until | 2029 | ||
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| Technology description including background system | In the electric steel production route scrap is molten in an electric arc furnace to obtain liquid steel. Refining (lowering of sulphur, phosphorous and other tramp elements) and alloying (e.g. about 1 % Mn, 0.2 % Si) and / or micro-alloying (e.g. about 0.01 % V) is applied to give the requested characteristics to the steel. At the end of the steelmaking process, the liquid steel is transformed into a semi-finished product in a continuous casting machine, or in special cases, poured into ingot molds to form blocks. The semi-product (beam-blank, slab, bloom or billet) is hot-rolled into the final product dimensions (H-shape, I-shape, U- shape, L-shape and other merchant bars). Quality control: ISO 9001 Monitoring according to the product standards, e.g. EN 10025, Part 1. Subsequently, the products are hot-dip galvanized. For this purpose, they undergo a wet chemical surface cleaning, are covered by flux, dried and then dipped in a hot zinc bath and cooled Peissker 2016. Quality assurance: ISO 9001 monitoring according to DASt Guideline 022. Technical data: This EPD is valid for sections and merchant bars of varied grades and different forms of delivery that have been hot-dip galvanized according to EN ISO 1461 and DASt Guideline 022. Specific information on dimension tolerances, constructional data as well as mechanical and chemical properties can be found in the relevant literature and/or the standards. Declared unit: The reference unit is 1 ton of hot-dip galvanized structural steel sections and merchant bars. Foreground data describing the on-site production are integrated into the LCA FE Software model for all sites under study. The LCI is assessed based on annual production data. Background data are taken from the LCA FE Database. | ||
Modelling and validation
| Subtype | average dataset | ||||
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Nomenclature compliance
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Quality compliance
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| Compliance |
Compliance system name
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Approval of overall compliance
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Nomenclature compliance
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Methodological compliance
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Review compliance
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Documentation compliance
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Quality compliance
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Administrative information
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| Time stamp (last saved) | 2024-04-29T00:00:00 |
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| Publication and ownership | |
| UUID | 0f0618af-76f4-4f79-bb83-bd4577b5c17b |
| Data set version | 00.02.100 |
| Registration authority | |
| Registration number | EPD-BFS-20240011-IBG1-DE |
| Owner of data set | |
| Copyright | Yes |
| License type | Free of charge for all users and uses |
| Access and use restrictions | None |
Environmental indicators
Indicators of life cycle